Shear layer correction methods for open-jet wind tunnel phased array test
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摘要: 开口风洞中的相位传声器阵列测量，必须进行剪切层修正才能得到真实的噪声源位置信息。在0.55m×0.40m声学风洞中开展了剪切层修正的实验研究，得到了不同风速条件下的剪切层速度剖面、声波传播延迟时间和声源定位的结果。根据实验结果，对剪切层速度剖面的Gortler理论解进行了验证，并对比分析了4种剪切层修正方法。研究结果表明：选择自相似参数σ=9，ξ0=0.2时剪切层速度剖面测量值与理论值符合较好；剪切层厚度与轴向距离的关系为y=0.15x；马赫数Ma≤0.3、测量角θm在40°~140°范围内，不同剪切层修正方法对声波延迟时间计算结果的相对误差在1%以内。提出了射线追踪快速计算方法，该方法较常规射线追踪法的计算速度可提高2个数量级，从而使其适用于声阵列在线测量。Abstract: To identify the true location of the noise sources, the shear layer effect must be taking into account when conducting the microphone array test in open-jet wind tunnels. An experimental study for the shear layer correction was performed in the 0.55m×0.40m aero-acoustic tunnel of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center(CARDC). The shear layer velocity profiles, source-receiver delay times and source identification results were obtained. The Gortler's velocity-profile solution was validated and four different shear layer correction methods were compared and analyzed on the basis of the experimental results. The research results show that:the velocity-profile experimental data agrees well with calculations when the self-similar parameters σ=9, ξ0=0.2 are chosen, and the relationship between the fitted shear layer thickness and the axial distance data can be presented by the equation y=0.15x; Ma ≤ 0.3 and the measurement angle θm within 40°~140°, the relative calculation error of the delay time of different shear layer correction methods is smaller than 1%; the accuracy of the other three methods are quite close to the Amiet 2D method. A fast ray tracing method that is 100 times faster than the conventional ray tracing method is proposed, which makes the ray tracing method applicable for on-line microphone array data processing.
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图 2 基于简化射线法的延迟时间计算示意图
Figure 2. Schematic of delay time calculation based on simplified ray method
图 4 剪切层速度剖面理论值和测量值对比
Figure 4. Comparison of experimental and theoretical velocity profile
图 5 剪切层厚度的理论值和测量值对比
Figure 5. Comparison of experimental and theoretical shear layer thickness
图 6 声源-传声器传播延迟时间理论值和测量值对比
Figure 6. Comparison of experimental and theoretical delay time
图 7 不同剪切层修正方法之间的相对误差
Figure 7. Relative errors of different shear layer correction methods
表 1 不同修正方法计算得出的声源位置漂移量(单位: m)
Table 1. Source drift given by different shearlayer correction methods(unit: m)
f/kHz U0/(m·s-1) N.C AMM Amiet SRM RT 30 -0.15 -0.020 -0.020 -0.020 -0.020 2 50 -0.13 -0.018 -0.020 -0.018 -0.024 70 -0.12 -0.024 -0.022 -0.022 -0.018 30 -0.14 0 0 0 0 4 50 -0.12 0 0 0 -0.010 70 -0.10 0 0 0 -0.002 30 -0.14 0 -0.002 0 -0.020 8 50 -0.15 0.020 -0.020 -0.020 -0.020 70 -0.10 0 0 0 0 
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