Investigation on flow turbulent characteristics of plate-fin and tube-fin heat exchanger
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摘要: 在连续式回流风洞中，为了控制风洞气流的总温，平衡风扇或压缩机做功产生的热量，需要在风洞试验段上游布置换热器。风洞换热器除了需要提高换热效率、降低压力损失之外，其对来流的整流效果及自身所引发的湍流流动也会对风洞试验段流场品质造成影响。在0.55 m×0.40 m低噪声航空声学风洞中，使用热线风速仪对椭圆管翅片式及板翅式换热器的下游湍流度分布进行了试验研究，获得了不同构型换热器的压力损失特性。采用数值模拟方法，对不同构型热交换器的再生湍流度进行了模拟和分析。研究结果表明，椭圆管翅片式与板翅式换热器对湍流流动的整流效果有明显差异。椭圆管翅片式换热器对降低湍流度、抑制其不均匀分布的效果要优于板翅式换热器，板翅式换热器对湍流度横向分量的整流效果较好，板翅式换热器的再生湍流度约为管翅式换热器的30%~40%。研究结果可为高流场品质要求的大型连续式风洞换热器的选型及优化提供参考。Abstract: In the continuous wind tunnel, the heat exchanger is installed upstream the test section to balance the heat which is generated by the fan or the compressor to control the total temperature in the test section. The heat exchange efficiency and the total pressure loose ratio are two important performance parameters of the heat exchanger in the wind tunnel. On the other hand, the flow dynamic characteristics such as the turbulence intensity and the noise of the heat exchanger can influence the flow dynamic quality of the wind tunnel significantly. In the 0.55 m×0.40 m low noise aeronautics acoustic wind tunnel, the hot wire is used to measure the velocity and the turbulence intensity distribution downstream the tube-fin heat exchanger and the plate-fin heat exchanger, and the total pressure loose ratio is also gained. The CFD method is used to simulate the flow structure and the self-turbulent intensity of these two types of heat exchangers. The study results show that the flow straightening characteristics of the tube-fin heat exchanger and the plate-fin heat exchanger have significant differences. The turbulent intensity and velocity uniformity downstream the tube-fin heat exchanger are better than that downstream the plate-fin heat exchanger, while the plate-fin heat exchanger has better straightening performance on horizontal turbulence. The self-turbulent intensity of the plate-fin heat exchanger is lower than the tube-fin heat exchanger. The investigation has important engineering application value for design of large scale continuous wind tunnels which have advanced flow quality requirements.
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Key words:
- wind tunnel /
- heat exchanger /
- turbulence intensity /
- flow quality /
- experiment /
- CFD
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图 8 不同来流条件下的换热器下游湍流度分布
Figure 8. Turbulent intensity distribution downstream the HEX under different conditions
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