Experimental study on starting characteristics of vertical axis wind turbine with resistance wind-cup structure
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摘要: 为改善直线翼垂直轴风力机（SB-VAWT）的启动特性，在两叶片SB-VAWT内部安装了阻力风杯结构。为探明阻力风杯结构对两叶片SB-VAWT风力机静态启动特性的影响规律，对具有阻力风杯结构的垂直轴风力机（DS-VAWT）和两叶片SB-VAWT进行了转矩测量风洞试验和PIV可视化试验。结果表明：阻力风杯结构对SB-VAWT的风轮内部气流流动规律产生了显著影响。在一些方位角下，阻力风杯结构对SB-VAWT升力叶片尾部的流动分离现象改善明显，旋涡减弱，降低了能量损耗；在一个旋转周期中，阻力风杯结构的存在也产生了作用于风轮转轴的扭矩，因此具有阻力风杯结构的垂直轴风力机的静态启动力矩要高于无阻力风杯结构的情况。Abstract: In order to improve the starting characteristics of SB-VAWT, a wind-cup structure is installed inside the wind turbine. Through static torque wind tunnel test and PIV visualization test, the influence of wind-cup structure on the starting characteristics of double-blade SB-VAWT is studied. The results show that the wind-cup structure has a significant influence on the inner flow of the SB-VAWT. At some azimuth angles, the flow separation phenomenon at the tail of SB-VAWT lift blade is improved by the wind-cup structure, and the vortex is weakened, reducing the energy loss. In a rotation period, the existence of the wind-cup structure also produces the torque acting on the rotor axis, so the static starting moment of the vertical axis wind turbine with the wind-cup structure is higher than the static starting moment of SB-VAWT.
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表 2 PIV试验系统参数
Table 2. PIV test system parameters
名称 参数 精度 激光器 工作频率15 Hz; 能量200 mJ /脉冲 - 同步发生器 0.25 ns 1% CCD相机 7.5帧/s，分辨率2048 pixel×2048 pixel - 示踪粒子 粒径：8~12 μm 10% 
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