Ejector system design and performance test of Φ1.2 m hypersonic wind tunnel
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摘要: 针对大型高超声速风洞总增压比高、抽吸范围宽、多级参数匹配等要求,开展了Φ1.2 m高超声速风洞多级引射器系统设计计算与抽吸试验研究。通过对无风洞主气流时第一、二、三级引射器的单级性能调试和多级组合性能调试,获得了三级多喷管中心引射器不同工作参数组合的抽吸性能,试验段静压最低达660 Pa。据此,总结得到了多级引射器高效运行的参数匹配原则。有风洞主气流时的引射系数试验结果与理论计算结果吻合较好,验证了多级多喷管引射器气动设计方法的可行性。设计结果可靠,可为高超声速风洞或其他地面气动试验设备的多级引射器系统设计与运行提供技术参考。Abstract: Aiming at the problems such as high pressurization ratio, wide suction range and multi-stage parameter matching in large hypersonic wind tunnel, this paper carried out the design calculation and suction test of the multi-stage ejector system in Φ1.2 m hypersonic wind tunnel. Through single stage performance debugging and multistage combination performance debugging of the first, second and third stage ejector without wind tunnel main flow, the suction performance of three stage multi nozzle central ejector with different working parameters is obtained. The minimum static pressure in the test section is 660 Pa without the main flow. And the parameter matching principle of efficient operation of the multi-stage ejector is analyzed and summarized. The test results of the ejector coefficient with the main airflow in the wind tunnel are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation values, which verifies the feasibility of the aerodynamic design method for the multistage multi-nozzle ejector. The design results are reliable, which can provide technical reference for the design of the multistage ejector system in the hypersonic wind tunnel or other ground aerodynamic test equipment.
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Key words:
- hypersonic wind tunnel /
- multi-stage ejector /
- multi-nozzles /
- performance test
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表 1 风洞典型运行工况
Table 1. Typical operating conditions of wind tunnel
马赫数Ma 前室
总压p0/MPa前室总温T0/K 主气流
质量流量
m/(kg·s–1)抽吸
背压pb/kPa风洞运行压比 排气总增压比 5.0 0.10 300 10.5 2.5 40 42.0 5.0 1.00 350 97.8 24.7 40 4.3 6.0 0.15 395 6.5 1.8 83 58.3 6.0 2.00 465 79.7 23.7 84 4.4 7.0 0.20 502 3.9 1.2 167 87.5 7.0 4.00 601 71.6 24.6 163 4.3 8.0 0.30 636 3.8 1.3 231 80.8 8.0 8.00 760 69.8 34.0 235 3.1 表 2 引射器设计参数选取
Table 2. Design parameters of the ejector
马赫数Ma 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 前室总压p0/MPa 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.3 前室总温T0/K 300 395 502 636 引射气流总温$T'_0 $/K 288 288 288 288 抽吸背压pb/KPa 2.5 1.8 1.2 1.3 总增压比$ \varepsilon _{总} $ 42 58.3 87.5 80.8 引射级数n 3 3 3 3 平均单级增压比$\varepsilon ' $ 3.48 3.88 4.44 4.32 被引射主气流速度系数λ1 0.58 0.56 0.55 0.54 被引射主气流马赫数Ma1 0.54 0.52 0.51 0.50 表 3 三级引射器同时串联工作的抽吸试验结果
Table 3. Suction test results of three-stage ejectors working together
引射参数 工况 1 工况 2 工况 3 工况 4 工况 5 工况 6 ${p'_{01} }$/MPa 1.0 0.8 0.75 0.6 0.6 0.4 ${p'_{02} }$/MPa 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.6 ${p'_{03} }$/MPa 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 pc/kPa 1.5 1.2 1.24 0.92 0.92 0.66 pt00/kPa 8.8 14.5 3.3 2.69 10.5 14.2 pt01/kPa 77.0 33.5 12.2 10.4 9.3 18.6 pt02/kPa 55.0 53.0 54.9 53.9 49.6 32.0 pt03/kPa 122.0 113.0 100.0 99.0 143.0 101.0 总引射流量/(kg·s−1) 1102.0 1068.0 923.0 896.0 868.0 765.0 第一级增压比 8.8 2.3 3.7 3.9 0.9 1.3 第二级增压比 0.7 1.6 4.5 5.2 5.3 1.7 第三级增压比 2.2 2.1 1.8 1.8 2.9 3.2 -
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