Flowfield and friction characteristics downstream of mirco vortex generator in turbulent boundary layer
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摘要: 在中等雷诺数平板湍流边界层中，利用体视粒子图像测速技术与免标定双层热膜摩阻传感器，测量了单排楔形微型涡流发生器阵列下游的速度场与摩阻，以研究微型涡流发生器对湍流统计量和摩阻特性的影响。速度场测量结果表明：微型涡流发生器诱导下游湍流边界层内产生时均流向涡对和时均流向速度亏损区，导致流向脉动速度的展向预乘能谱出现第二外区峰值。速度场本征正交分解的结果表明：微型涡流发生器诱导产生的流动结构与湍流边界层内的大、超大尺度结构的能量贡献相当，并影响了近壁含能结构的空间分布。摩阻测量实验表明：具有较高高度、展向排列更密集的微型涡流发生器阵列的减摩阻率更高，减摩阻效果可持续至下游80倍自身特征高度处。Abstract: The present work uses the stereoscopic particle image velocimetry and calibration-free dual hot-film wall shear stress measurement sensor to measure the flowfield and friction at downstream of the one array of forwards wedge Micro Vortex Generator (MVG) in the turbulent boundary layer at moderate Reynolds number. The result of flowfield measurement shows that MVG produces the streamwise velocity defect regions and streamwise vortices pairs in downstream time-averaged flowfield, which causes the second outer-peak in the spanwise pre-multiplied energy spectra. The result of proper orthogonal decomposition shows that the contribution of energy of structures induced by MVG is equivalent to the that of large-scale structures and very large-scale structures in the smooth-wall turbulent boundary layer, which also significantly affects the spatial distribution of the near-wall structures. The friction measurement experiment shows that MVG array with higher height and closer spanwise arrangement has higher friction drag reduction. The drag reduction effect of MVG lasts downstream to 80 times of its own characteristic height.
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Key words:
- micro vortex generator /
- turbulent boundary layer /
- Reynolds stress /
- flow control /
- friction drag
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图 1 低速风洞中实验布置示意图
Figure 1. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup in the test section of a low-speed wind tunnel
图 3 光滑壁面工况下SPIV 测量结果与 DNS结果对比
Figure 3. The SPIV measurement results are compared with the DNS results under the smooth wall condition
图 5 MVG阵列下游的时均速度场
Figure 5. Time averaged results of three velocity component fields behind MVG arrays
图 6 MVG阵列下游的时均流向速度型与雷诺应力的展向平均结果
Figure 6. Spanwise average results of wall-normal profiles of time-averaged streamwise velocity and Reynolds stress behind MVG arrays
图 7 光滑壁面及MVG0下游近、远尾迹区展向预乘能谱
Figure 7. Spanwise pre-multiplied energy spectra of smooth-wall and MVG0 arrays
图 8 光滑壁面及MVG0工况近、远尾迹区POD分解所得各阶模态的能量占比及能量积累曲线
Figure 8. Energy ratio of each rank and the cumulative energy of the POD result of smooth-wall case and near- or far-wake regions of MVG0 case
图 9 光滑壁面及基准MVG0工况近、远尾迹区流场第1、5、10、20阶POD模态的空间基$ {\varPsi }_{i} $（y, z）
Figure 9. Rank 1, 5, 10 and 20 mode $ {\varPsi }_{i} $(y, z) of POD decomposition results of smooth-wall case and near- or far-wake regions of MVG0 case
图 10 各型MVG阵列下游减摩阻率的沿程变化
Figure 10. Drag reduction in different streamwise stations behind each MVG arrays
表 1 光滑壁面湍流边界层主要特征参数
Table 1. Main characteristic parameters of the studied smooth-wall TBL
U∞/(m·s−1) δ/cm uτ/(m·s−1) Reτ Reθ H Δy+ Δz+ uτT/δ 14 9.98 0.55 3453 6353 1.3 4.5 4.5 11000 
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表 2 3种MVG阵列的主要几何参数
Table 2. Main size of the three MVG array
模型名称 s/mm h/mm l/mm a/mm MVG0 0 5 20 10 MVGs 5 5 20 10 MVGh 0 10 20 10
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