Parameter influence and optimization of energy conversion efficiency of synthetic jet actuators
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摘要: 压电式合成射流激励器具有无气源、射流速度高、响应快等特点，在流动控制领域应用广泛。射流出口速度峰值和能量转换效率是衡量压电式合成射流激励器性能的重要指标。在获得较高出口速度时，现有压电式合成射流激励器能量转换效率偏低。为提高压电式合成射流激励器性能，利用热线风速仪和功率计测量了其出口速度和功率，研究了出口长度、出口深度、腔体高度和陶瓷片厚度等参数对其性能的影响规律。研究发现：不同参数下，压电式合成射流激励器出口速度峰值随平均功率变化的趋势相似。通过对压电式合成射流激励器构型进行优化设计，提高了射流出口速度峰值，提升了能量转换效率（最大提升了233.3%），有效降低了能耗。Abstract: Piezoelectric-driven synthetic jet actuators have been widely used in various flow control areas due to the characteristics of no air supply, high jet velocity and response frequency. The exit peak velocity and energy conversion efficiency are important indicators to measure the performance of piezoelectric-driven actuators. When a higher exit velocity is obtained, the energy conversion efficiency of the existing piezoelectric-driven synthetic jet actuators is low. To improve the performance of synthetic jet actuators, the exit velocity and power are measured by the hot-wire anemometer and power meter, respectively. The effects of the exit length, exit neck length, cavity height and piezoceramics thickness on the performance of actuators are analyzed. It is found that for different configuration parameters, the exit peak velocity displays a similar trend with power. Based on the optimized actuator configuration, the exit peak velocity is increased, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved in comparison to the previous results with the maximum increment of 233.3%, thereby reducing the energy consumption of actuators.
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图 1 压电式合成射流激励器组成部件及腔体截面示意图
Figure 1. Schematics of components and cavity section of piezoelectric-driven synthetic jet actuator
图 3 基准工况射流出口不同流向位置瞬时速度随时间的变化
Figure 3. Variation of instantaneous velocity at different streamwise locations from the exit of the baseline actuator
图 5 不同出口长度的激励器特性
Figure 5. Characteristics of the actuators with different orifice lengths
图 6 不同出口深度的激励器特性
Figure 6. Characteristics of the actuators with different orifice neck lengths
图 7 不同腔体高度的激励器特性
Figure 7. Characteristics of the actuators with different cavity heights
图 8 不同陶瓷片厚度的激励器特性
Figure 8. Characteristics of the actuators with different piezoceramics thicknesses
图 9 不同参数的激励器出口速度峰值随平均功率变化
Figure 9. Exit peak velocity versus power for actuators with different configuration parameters
表 1 合成射流激励器参数
Table 1. Synthetic jet actuator configuration parameters
激励器参数 出口长度
${l_{\rm{o}}^*}$出口深度
${n_{\rm{o}}^*}$腔体高度
${h_{\rm{c}}^*}$陶瓷片厚度
${\delta _{\rm{p}}^*}$基准工况 20 15.0 2.0 0.15 变化工况 10, 15,
20, 2510.0, 12.5, 15.0,
17.5, 20.01.5, 2.0,
2.50.15, 0.30,
0.40
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表 2 合成射流激励器优化后的参数
Table 2. Optimized synthetic jet actuator configuration parameters
激励器参数 出口长度${l_{\rm{o}}^*}$ 出口深度${n_{\rm{o}}^*}$ 腔体高度${h_{\rm{c}}^*}$ 陶瓷片厚度${\delta _{\rm{p}}^*}$ 优化工况 25 12.5 2.5 0.15
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