Experimental study of the characteristics of very-large-scale motions in polymer pipe flows
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摘要: 高聚物减阻在管道输送中发挥着重要作用。管道湍流中的相干结构与高聚物减阻机理密切相关。实际工程中的管道流动大多为高雷诺数流动，高雷诺数管道流中最主要的含能相干结构为10倍管径量级的超大尺度结构。本文对高雷诺数高聚物管道流中的超大尺度结构进行实验研究。开展了4种高聚物浓度（以质量分数表征）、3种雷诺数共12组TR-PIV（Time-Resolved Particle Image Velocimetry）实验，使用预乘谱对超大尺度结构的尺度和强度特征进行了分析。研究结果表明，在相同雷诺数下，随着高聚物浓度增大，中心流区超大尺度结构的尺度和强度均明显增大，且与大尺度结构的强度之比也显著增大。在较高浓度下，超大尺度结构取代大尺度结构，成为了外区的主导含能结构。Abstract: Polymer drag reduction plays an important role in pipeline transportation. The drag reduction mechanism of polymer solutions is directly related to the coherent structure in pipe flows. High Reynolds number flows are the mainstream in the actual engineering, and very-large-scale structures with the streamwise length scale of 10 times pipe diameter are the most significant coherent structures in high Reynolds number pipe flows. In the present paper, experimental study is carried out on the very-large-scale structures in high Reynolds number polymer pipe flows. Premultiplied spectral analysis is used to examine the scale and strength properties of the very-large-scale structures in 12 sets of TR-PIV experiments with 4 polymer concentrations and 3 Reynolds numbers. The findings demonstrate that the scale and intensity of the very-large-scale structures in the central flow region significantly increase with an increase in the polymer concentration under the same Reynolds number, and the ratio of the intensity of the very-large-scale structures to that of the large-scale structures also significantly increases. The large-scale structure is replaced by the very-large-scale structure, which thereafter dominates as the main energy-containing structures in the outer region at elevated concentrations.
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图 5 PIV实验各测次管道时均流速剖面分布
Figure 5. The time-averaged velocity profile distribution of each test pipe in PIV experiment
图 7 不同雷诺数下超大尺度结构预乘谱峰值对应尺度随位置的变化
Figure 7. Scale versus position curves corresponding to peak premultiplication spectra of very-large-scale structures with different Reynolds numbers
图 8 y/R = 0.9处超大尺度结构预乘谱峰值对应尺度随高聚物质量分数的变化
Figure 8. y/R = 0.9 positional very-large-scale structural premultiplica-tion spectral peak corresponding to the scale variation curve with polymer concentration
图 9 不同雷诺数下大尺度结构与超大尺度结构积分尺度随位置的变化
Figure 9. Variation curves of large-scale and very-large-scale integral scales with position at different Reynolds numbers
图 10 y/R = 0.9处积分尺度随质量分数的变化
Figure 10. y/R = 0.9 positional integral scale versus concentration curve
图 11 超大尺度结构与大尺度结构预乘谱峰值比值随位置的变化
Figure 11. Variation curves of the ratio of premultiplication spectra peak for very-large-scale structures to large-scale structures with position
图 12 y/R = 0.9处超大尺度结构与大尺度结构预乘谱峰值比值随质量分数的变化
Figure 12. y/R = 0.9 positional very-large-scale and large-scale premulti-plied spectral peak ratios versus concentration curves
表 1 各测次实验参数
Table 1. Experimental parameters for each measurement
测次 c/
10−6μ/
(10−3pa·s)∆p/
kPaRe u* $\overline u $/
(m·s−1)Reτ Q1 0 0.89 3.25 57752 0.11 2.57 2562 Q2 0 0.89 6.25 83595 0.16 3.72 3553 Q3 0 0.89 10.60 112134 0.21 4.99 4627 P11 30 0.93 3.40 57634 0.12 2.68 2507 P12 30 0.93 6.60 84323 0.16 3.92 3494 P13 30 0.93 10.88 110430 0.21 5.14 4486 P21 60 0.97 3.68 59835 0.12 2.91 2501 P22 60 0.97 7.05 85773 0.17 4.16 3462 P23 60 0.97 11.92 116144 0.22 5.63 4502 P31 100 1.04 4.28 60288 0.13 3.14 2516 P32 100 1.04 8.32 89231 0.18 4.64 3508 P33 100 1.04 13.74 118462 0.23 6.16 4508 
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