低温和湿度对超疏水表面水滴接触角的影响

Effects of low temperature and humidity on contact angles of water droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces

  • 摘要: 虽然超疏水表面的Cassie−Wenzel(C−W)润湿转变已经得到了广泛研究,但对于覆膜成形的不规则表面,环境湿度对润湿状态转变的影响仍缺乏足够的探索。开展地面冷环境试验,研究不同温度、不同湿度诱导水滴静态接触角的变化。结果表明:低温诱导使水滴接触角减小,同时使表面发生冷凝现象,温度稳定后湿度成为影响接触角变化的主要因素;温度可影响水滴冻结延迟时间,进而影响冻结前的接触角。通过水滴的低温和冻结试验可以定量得到温度和湿度对水滴接触角的影响:温度每降低5 ℃,接触角减小5.0° ± 1.7°;温度稳定后,在相对湿度为88%时接触角每分钟降低2.4° ± 0.7°,在相对湿度为45%时接触角每分钟降低0.9° ± 0.2°。

     

    Abstract: The Cassie−Wenzel(C−W) wetting transition on superhydrophobic surfaces has been extensively explored. However, the influence of environmental humidity on wettability transformation of irregular surfaces formed by film mulch is not sufficiently explored. The static contact angle change of water droplets induced by different temperatures and ambient humidity was studied by ground cold environment test. The results show that low temperature induces the drop contact angle to decrease, and the surface condensation occurs. After the temperature is stabilized, humidity becomes the main factor affecting the change of the contact angle. The freezing delay time and the contact angle before freezing are affected by the temperature. The effects of temperature and humidity on the contact angle can be quantitatively evaluated by the low temperature and freezing test of water droplets. The contact angle decreases by 5.0° ± 1.7° for every 5 ℃ decrease in temperature. When the temperature is stabilized, the contact angle of water droplets decreases by 2.4° ± 0.7° per minute at a relative humidity of 88% and by 0.9° ± 0.2° per minute at a relative humidity of 45%.

     

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