基于高分子溶液注入的管道减阻特性实验研究

Experimental study on pipeline drag reduction characteristics based on polymer solution Injection

  • 摘要: 在湍流管道中加入微量高分子聚合物添加剂即可显著降低管壁摩擦阻力。目前,高分子溶液湍流减阻已广泛应用于管道输运、生物医药以及农田灌溉等领域。聚乙烯氧化物(PEO)是一种高效的湍流减阻添加剂,其减阻效果受多种因素影响。为此,基于重力驱动式循环管道系统,实验研究了湍流管道中PEO溶液喷射的减阻特性及其影响因素。系统分析了雷诺数、喷射角度(共7种)、喷射速率、相对分子质量(共7种)等因素对减阻率(RD)的影响,并定义了适用于管流的归一化高分子溶液通量Kp,揭示了其与减阻率的标度律关系。研究发现:RD随lg Kp先呈线性增长、后趋于饱和,与平板边界层注入的K–标度律相似;相对分子质量对减阻的影响曲线呈S型,最佳相对分子质量范围可通过SGompertz函数拟合预测。研究结果可为管道喷射减阻中高分子注射参数的优化和预测提供指导。

     

    Abstract: Adding a trace amount of polymer into turbulent flow can significantly reduce wall friction. This drag reduction technique has been widely applied in fields such as fire-fighting, pipeline transportation, and biomedicine. Polyethylene oxide (PEO) is an efficient drag-reducing polymer, whose performance is affected by multiple parameters. In this study, a gravity-driven circulating pipe-flow system is employed to experimentally investigate the drag reduction characteristics of PEO solution injection in turbulent pipe flow. The effects of Reynolds number, injection angle (seven angles), injection rate and relative molecular mass (total of 7 kinds) on the drag reduction rate (RD) are systematically examined. A normalized polymer flux Kp, which is suitable for pipe flow, is proposed to collapse the experimental data. Results show that RD initially increases roughly linearly with lg Kp and then approaches a saturation level. This trend is analogous to the previously reported K-scaling law for polymer injection in turbulent boundary layers. Moreover, the dependence of RD on molecular weight exhibits an S-shaped trend. By fitting the data with a sigmoidal function, the optimal molecular weight range for maximum drag reduction can be predicted. These findings provide useful guidance for the optimization and prediction of polymer injection parameters in drag-reduced turbulent pipe flows.

     

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